第三腰椎骨骼肌指数对食管癌患者生存结局的预测 价值

目的 探讨第三腰椎骨骼肌指数(L3-SMI)预测食管癌患者总生存(OS)期的最佳截止点与临床应用价值。 方法 对 2016 年 1 月至 2020 年 10 月于南通大学附属海安医院接受手术或根治性放化疗的 150 例食管癌患者进行回顾性分析,通过分 析每例患者的腹部计算机断层扫描(CT)影像,计算 L3-SMI。 通过受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线认定 L3-SMI 预测食管癌患者预 后的最佳截止点,并将所有患者分为低 L3-SMI 组与高 L3-SMI 组进行生存分析。 采用 Kaplan-Meier 曲线计算两组患者的 3 年 OS 率,单、多因素 Cox 回归分析确定 L3-SMI 在食管癌患者中的独立预后价值。 结果 研究队列中,男性患者 L3-SMI 平均 值为(43. 8±6. 3)cm 2 / m 2 ,女性为(38. 7±6. 7)cm 2 / m 2 ,L3-SMI 预测食管癌患者预后的理想截止点为:男性<42. 8 cm 2 / m 2 ,女性< 39. 2 cm 2 / m 2 ,曲线下面积(AUC)值分别为 0. 628(95%CI = 0. 515~ 0. 742)和 0. 654(95%CI = 0. 513 ~ 0. 796)。 根据 L3-SMI 的 最佳截止点,将所有患者分为高 L3-SMI 组(n = 79)与低 L3-SMI 组(n = 71)。 结果显示,两组患者 3 年 OS 率分别为 33. 5%和 54. 6%,差异有统计学意义(χ 2 = 5. 358,P = 0. 021)。 亚组分析表明,低 L3-SMI 与男性患者不良预后显著相关( 3 年 OS 率: 24. 8%比 53. 6%,χ 2 = 4. 752,P= 0. 029)。 对于女性食管癌患者,低 L3-SMI 组患者较高 L3-SMI 组有更低的 3 年 OS 率(39. 8% 比 65. 4%),但差异无统计学意义(χ 2 = 1. 835,P= 0. 176)。 单、多因素 Cox 回归分析证实,影响食管癌患者预后的独立因素包 括低 L3-SMI(HR= 1. 669,95%CI = 1. 062 ~ 2. 625,P = 0. 027)、预后营养指数(PNI) <50. 2(HR = 1. 700,95%CI = 1. 033 ~ 2. 796, P= 0. 037)与 TNM 分期Ⅲ期(HR= 1. 503,95%CI = 1. 077~ 2. 479,P = 0. 024)。 结论 L3-SMI 是一项预测食管癌患者预后的重 要影像学参数。     

China special issue on gastrointestinal tumors-Improved survival after multidisciplinary team decision for patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer: A multicenter,noninterventional, controlled study

Formal multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussions in clinical practice require time and space but have unclear survival benefits for advanced gastrointestinal cancer patients. Our study aimed to investigate the long-term survival of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer after MDT decision. From June 2017 to June 2019, continuous MDT discussions on advanced gastrointestinal cancer were conducted in 13 medical centers in China. MDT decisions and actual treatment received by patients were prospectively recorded. The primary endpoint was the difference in overall survival (OS) between patients in the MDT decision implementation and nonimplementation groups. The secondary endpoints included the implementation rate of MDT decisions and subgroup survival analysis. A total of 461 MDT decisions of 455 patients were included in our study. The implementation rate of MDT decisions was 85.7%. Previous treatment had an impact on MDT decision-making. The OS was 24.0 months and 17.0 months in the implementation and nonimplementation groups, respectively. The implementation of MDT decisions significantly reduced the risk of death in multivariate analyses (hazard ratio = 0.518; 95% confidence interval: 0.304-0.884, P = .016). Subgroup analysis showed a significant difference in survival of patients with colorectal cancer, but not in survival of patients with gastric cancer. The rate of secondary MDT discussion was only 5.6% among patients who the MDT decisions were discontinued due to changes in their condition. MDT discussion can prolong the OS of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer, especially those with colorectal cancer. Timely scheduling of the subsequent MDT discussion is necessary when the disease condition changes.     

Proxalutamide in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: Primary analysis of a multicenter,randomized, open-label,phase 2 trial

We aim to assess the safety and efficacy of proxalutamide, a novel androgen receptor antagonist, for men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in a multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase 2 trial. In our study, the enrolled mCRPC patients were randomized to 100, 200 and 300 mg dose groups at 1:1:1. The primary efficacy endpoint was prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response rate. The secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and time to PSA and radiographic progression. Safety and pharmacokinetics were also assessed. Finally, there were 108 patients from 17 centers being enrolled. By week 16, there were 13 (35.1%), 12 (36.4%) and 15 (42.9%) patients with confirmed 50% or greater PSA decline in 100 mg (n = 37), 200 mg (n = 33) and 300 mg (n = 35) groups, respectively. Among the 19 patients with target lesions at study entry, three (15.8%) had a partial response and 12 (63.2%) had stable disease. The ORRs of 20.0%, 22.2%, 0% and DCRs of 80.0%, 88.9%, 60.0% were, respectively, achieved in 100, 200 and 300 mg groups. By the maximum follow-up time of 24 weeks, there were 42.6% and 10.2% of cases experiencing PSA progression and radiographic progression, respectively. Overall, adverse events (AEs) were experienced by 94.4% of patients, most of which were mild or moderate. There were 28 patients experiencing ≥grade 3 AEs. The most common AEs were fatigue (17.6%), anemia (14.8%), elevated AST (14.8%) and ALT (13.0%), decreased appetite (13.0%). These findings preliminarily showed the promising antitumor activity of proxalutamide in patients with mCRPC with a manageable safety profile. The proxalutamide dose of 200 mg daily is recommended for future phase 3 trial (Clinical trial registration no. CTR20170177).     

白光胃镜下内镜征象诊断幽门螺杆菌感染的临床研究

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical value of endoscopic signs for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori(Hp) infection by white light endoscopy.     

基于LDA模型的中医药人工智能领域主题演化分析＊

目的 梳理总结中医药人工智能领域近40年的研究情况，分析该领域研究主题演化过程，发现热点主题和研究前沿。方法 本研究检索了CNKI和WOS中中医药人工智能领域的文献，根据生命周期理论划分不同时间片，将文献摘要作为研究对象，采用LDA主题模型挖掘文本主题，分析主题的演化过程，识别热点主题。结果 纳入中英文文献2750篇，根据生命周期理论划分中医药人工智能领域发展阶段，分别建立全局和各阶段的LDA模型，挖掘出全局热点主题有中医专家系统、中医辅助诊断系统、中医药数据挖掘等，发现主题演化路径并进行可视化展示。结论 中医药与人工智能主要的结合点在中医智能系统、中医药知识组织和中医智能诊疗机器人这3方面，这3个方向的研究均离不开神经网络技术的支持，同时也结合了关联规则发现、复杂网络研究等方法。     

T1~T2期乳腺癌保乳术后化疗后程同步大分割放疗前瞻性Ⅰ期临床研究

目的 前瞻性评估T1~T2期乳腺癌保乳术后化疗后程大分割放疗的不良反应和耐受性，以及在缩短治疗时间、减轻患者经济负担等方面的价值。方法 共入组20例T1~T2期乳腺癌保乳术后患者，所有患者于末次多西他赛化疗前开始大分割放疗。观察急性放射反应、治疗完成率及无病生存率、住院时间及住院费用等。结果 治疗完成率100%。主要不良反应为血液学毒性（白细胞减少）及皮肤反应，患者均可耐受。中位随访时间为30.1个月，随访率100%。美容效果良好率100%。平均总治疗时间为4周，总住院治疗费用节省约1万元。21个月无病生存率为100%。结论 T1~T2期乳腺癌保乳术后可耐受同步大分割放化疗，局部控制好，美容效果佳，且具有较高的卫生经济学价值。